The Apologie, Cap .4. Diuision .2.

Also the Councel of Carthage did circumspectly prouide, that no Bishop shoulde be called either the Highest Bishop, or Chiefe Priste.

Also the Councel of Carthage did circumspectly prouide, that no Bishop shoulde be called either the Highest Bishop, or Chiefe Priste.

M. Hardinge.

Here by your leaue, Syr Defender, you plaie false, and are taken, as it were with false Dise,
and therefore ye ought iustly to loose al that ye haue vniustly wonne by your false plaie, and false
Dyse: I meane your shameful falsifieinge of this Councel by you alleaged. And for this and other
your falsehed it is righte you loose the credite, whiche vniustly (bicause by false Teachinge)
you haue wonne amonge the Vnlearned. That your false plaie might not soone be espied, you
doo as like to Maister Iuel, as thoughe you were his Fathers Sonne. For that false sleight he vseth
more, then any that euer I readde. For where as we haue seuen Councelles of Carthage, neither
shewe you, whiche of them it is that you alleage, nor geue any notice of the number, where the
Canon maie be founde, But contrariewise as the Lapwinge with her busie crie leadeth a man from
her neste, so you leade vs from the Place, where it is, by puttinge in the Margent of your Booke the
number, 47. that not findinge it by your note, wee shoulde geue ouer further lookinge for it.
Who dothe euil, hateth Light, saithe Christe. So here falsifieinge and forginge a Canon of a
Councel, you woulde faine walke in clowdes, that your lieinge might not be deprehended, &c.
So had it benne donne more circumspectly for furtherance of your falsehed, if the mater shoulde
neuer come to trial of Learninge.
Nowe, who so euer examineth the place truly, muste needes crie out shame on you, Defender,
who are th'auctour. The woordes, if you had lifted to haue alleged them without falsheade, be
these. Whiche we finde in the 26. Canon of the thirde Councel of Carthage, whiche Councel
was Authorized by the sixthe General Councel holden at Constantinople in Trullo. Vt primæ
sedis Episcopius non appelletur Princeps Sacerdotum, aut Summus Sacerdos, aut aliquid huiusmodi,
Sed tantum, Primæ Sedis Episcopus. And thus they are to be Englished. It hathe liked
vs (saie the Fathers of that Councel) that a Bishop of a First See be not called Prince of Priestes,
or Highest Prieste, or any suche other thinge, but onely a Bishop of a Firste See. Now commeth
me this ioyly Defender, and saithe, the Councel of Carthage hathe expresse woordes, (for
so much his Latine soundeth) that no Bishop should be called either the Highest Bishop, or Chiefe
Prieste. By whiche Canon thus by him vntruly vttered, he thought to depriue the Pope of this
Aunciente Title, that al the worlde hathe euer attributed vnto him, so as he be called nomore
Summus Pontifex.
For the right vnderstandinge of this Canon, twoo thinges are to be considered. Howe farre the
Authoritie of this Councel ought to be extended, and what is meant by a First See. The Decrees
of this Councel perteined but to the Prouince of Aphrike. For Prouincial Councelles binde
onely the Prouinces, in whiche, and for Order of whiche they be kepte. Onely the General Councelles
are to be receiued of al.
By these twoo woordes, Prima Sedes, those Fathers vnderstoode any Citie, in whiche a Patriarke
or Primate, who are of one office, thoughe of diuerse names, hathe his See. I cal it a firste
See, or rather (if it might be permitted) a Primate See. In greate Cities where the Highest courtes

for iustice were kept, and where the chiefe Pagane Priestes of the Latines named, Primi Flamines,
were resident before the comminge of Christe, there after Christes comminge were Patriarkes or
Primates placed: by whom the weightie matters of Bishoppes should be decided. Whiche Order
was taken firste by commaundement of S. Peter, as Clement writeth: by the Apostles and Clement,
as Anaclerus witnesseth: by the Apostles and theire Successours afterwardes, as Lucius the
Pope saithe.
Nowe the Councel of Carthage by this Defender alleaged, and likewise the Aphrican Councel
ordeined and willed, that a Bishop of any of the Primate Sees of Aphrike shoulde not be called,
Princeps Sacerdotum, aut Summus Sacerdos, Prince or chiefe of the Priestes, or Highest Prieste:
by whiche woorde a Bishop is there signified: But onely a Bishop of the Primate See, whereof he
was Primate. By whiche Decree they willed onely their Primates of Aphrike to keepe them
selues within theire limites, and not presumptuously to take vpon them more gloriouse Titles, and
further Iurisdiction, then to them perteined, least surely they might seeme to preiudicate the Popes
Supremacie. Thus it is euident, thauctoritie of that Charthage Councel, beinge restrained to Aphrike
onely, that by this Canon the Popes Primacie and Title is no whitte diminished or disproued.
And so for al this Defender, he remaineth as he hath euer, Highest Bishop.

The Bishop of Sarisburie.

What, M. Hardinge, so mutche falsehed vpon vs at one time? Falsifieinge of
Councelles: Shameful Falsifieinge: False teachinge: False sleight: False Dise:
False Plaie: and al False? Christe saithe of him selfe, I am the Truthe. God geeue
you grace, to credite him. For the erroure of quotation in the Margine, wherein
you spende so many woordes, it maye please you to knowe, that I neither was the
Printer, nor coulde be presente at the Printinge. For the reste, if there can be any
one pointe of Falsehed founde in me, touchinge the allegation of this Councel of
Carthage, I wil not refuse to stande charged with the whole. But if euery of
these horrible Falseheddes be found an euident, and plaine Truthe, then it maie
please you, to take home al these prety Titles to your selfe againe, as in euery of
these woordes so often doubled, and so heapte togeather, hauinge your selfe committed
a seueral Falsehedde.
And herein for trial of your courteous dealinge, I am content, your selfe shal
sitte, & be the Iudge. For, not withstanding it be thought of many, that ye dissemble
deepely, and wil not bestowe your voice to saie the Truthe: Yet I doubte not,
but in this mater, if ye haue eies, ye maie easily looke vp, and see the Truthe.
You saye, Sir Defender hath falsely alleged the Councel of Carthage. And why so?
For that he saithe, The Councel Decreed by expresse woordes, that the Bishop
of Rome should not be called the Uniuersal Bishop. This, you saie, is Forged,
and Falsified, and is no parte of that Councel. For indifferent trial bothe of the
Truthe, and of the Falsehed herein, I beseche you, beholde the very woordes of
the Councel, euen as they are alleged by your owne Doctour Gratian. These they
are: Primæ Sedis Episcopus non appelletur Princeps Sacerdotum, vel Summus Sacerdos,
vel aliquid huiusmodi: Sed tantum, Primæ Sedis Episcopus. Vniuersalis
autem nec etiam Romanus Pontifex appelletur: Let not the Bishop of any
of the Firste Sees be called the Prince of Priestes, Or the Highest Prieste, or by any other like
name: but Onely, the Bishop of the Firste See. But let not the Bishop of Rome
him selfe be called the Vniuersal Bishop. And in the Glose thereupon
it is noted thus,
In hac Distinctione dicitur, quod Papa non debet dici Vniuersalis:
In this Distinction it is saide, that the Pope ought not to be called
the Vniuersal Bishop.
Addition. Here M. Hardinge crieth out bitterly, M. Iewel is a shameless
man: Three maine Lies: O impudente Gloser. Are yee not ashamed &c. Theise be not the
woordes of the Councel of Carthage. They are to be referred to the thirde parte of the distinction,
that foloweth afterwarde. Your speache is terrible, M. Hardinge, and argueth some
inordinate passion in your stomake. Referre theise woordes, whither you wil. If
they be not written in the Councel of Carthage, yet at the leaste, they are the

M iiij

woordes of Gratian alleginge the woordes of the Councel of Carthage. Be they his
woordes, or be they the Councelles. I wil not striue. Wel you know, they are not
mine. Thus he saithe, by your owne Confession, Vniuersalis autem, nec etiam Romanus
Pontifex appelletur: Let not the Bishop of Rome him selfe be called the Vniversal
Bishop. And this you confesse, is the meaninge of Pope Pelagius, that foloweth
immediately in the same Distinction. Nowe, M. Hardinge, What greate preiudice
is this, as touchinge the right of our cause, if we loose the Authoritie of the
Councel of Carthage, and geate the Authoritie of the Pope him selfe, who in your
iudgemente, and as you haue written and published to the worlde, is aboue the
Authoritie of al Councelles. What so euer the Councel of Carthage saie, the Pope
him selfe saithe, as it is noted in the Rubrike. Nec etiam Romanus pontifex Vniuersalis
est appellandus. Now touchinge the Glose, yee renne vpon me with hue,
and crie. O impudente Gloser, (you saie) Are you not a shamed to shewe your peeuishe falsehed?
why leafte you out the beginninge of the sentence? Truely, M. Hardinge, I knewe
not your diete: Otherwise I coulde as good cheape haue serued you with altogeather.
I leafte out nothinge, that was necessarie. But, for as mutche, as yee wante
somethinge, I knowe not what, yee shal haue free libertie to make it vp at your
pleasure. The whole woordes be theise: Hæc est tertia pars Distinctionis, in qua
dicitur, quod papa non debet vocari Vniuersalis: This is the thirde parte of this Distinction.
Wherein it is saide, that the Pope ought not to be called the Vniuersal Bishop.
Nowe telle vs, good M. Hardinge, what peeuishe falsehed, or what impudente
glosinge is this? or, sauinge somme parte of your folie, whereat ought any man
to be ashamed?
Touchinge, that you so pleasantly cheare your selfe with these woordes, You doo
as like M. Iewel, as if you were his Fathers Sonne, I muste answeare you, as S. Augustine
sometime did the Heretique Cresconius: Serua potius Puerilia Pueris: Keepe
sutche Childishe toies to plaie with your Children. God make vs bothe like vnto our Father,
that is in Heauen.
Where you saie, of your selfe onely, without farther witnesse, that this Title
is the Popes Auncient Right, euer geeuen to him by al the worlde, I doubte not,
but the vntruthe hereof by my Former Replie, touchinge the same, maie soone appeare.
Certainely, when the same Title was offered to S. Gregorie, he refused it
vtterly, as none of his.
In deede, this Councel of Carthage notwithstandinge, The Title of Highest
Bishop was sometimes geuen, not onely to the Bishop of Rome, and other Patriarkes,
but also vnto al other Bishoppes. M. Hardinges owne Amphilochius
calleth S. Basile, Principem Sacerdotum, The Prince, or Chiefe of Bishoppes: Rufinus
calleth Athanasius, Pontificem Maximum: The Highest Bishop. Nazianzenus calleth
the same Athanasius, Archisacerdotem Sacerdotum: The Chiefe Bishop of Bishoppes.
Lactantius calleth euery Bishoprike, Summum Sacerdotium. Likewise
S. Hierome saithe, Ecclesiæ Salus in Summi Sacerdotis dignitate pendet: The safetie
of the Churche standeth in the dignitie of the Highest Prieste. By whiche Highest Prieste,
M. Hardinge him selfe saithe, is meante euery seueral Bishop within his owne
Diocese. S. Augustine saithe, Quid est Episcopus, nisi Primus Presbyter, hoc est,
Summus Sacerdos? What is a Bishop, but the Firste, or Chiefe Prieste, that is to saie, the
Highest Prieste? Therefore wee maie safely spare the Pope this Title, of Highest
Bishop, not as Peculiar to him alone, as M. Hardinge imagineth, but as Common,
and General to al Bishoppes.
Al that ye haue here alleged of the Iurisdiction of the Flamines, is a mere fantasie,
grounded onely vpon an vnsauery Fable of Anacletus, and Clemens. Neither
are you able to finde, either these names, Archiflamines, or Protoflamines,
whiche here are imagined, in any Ancient allowed Writer, or any sutche Uniuersal
Iurisdiction to them belonginge.
The Firste, or Principal, or Mother Sees were limited, not by the Flamines,

but by the Prince. So it is written in the Councel of Chalcedon: Quascunque
Ciuitates per Literas Regias Metropolitico nomine honorarunt: What citties so euer
by the Princes Charter, they honoured with the name of the Mother See. And therefore
the Emperour Theodosius, vpon displeasure conceiued, tooke that Name of Honoure
from the Cittie of Antioche, mindinge it shoulde be so called nomore. And
for that cause was the Cittie of Rome chosen emongest others, to be a Primate,
or a Principal Mother See, not for that either Christ, or Peter had so appointed, as
M. Hardinge telleth vs, but for that it was the moste Noble Cittie, and of greatest
renoume in al the worlde. The woordes be plaine: Sedi Veteris Romæ Patres
merito dederunt Primatum, Quod illa Ciuitas aliis Imperarer:
The Fathers woorthily gaue the Chiefetie to the See of the Olde Rome: Bicause that
Cittie had the Princehood ouer others.
Nowe concerninge this Decree of the Councel of Carthage, it touched as wel
the Bishop of Rome, as other Primates. And therefore Pope Adriane afterward
alleginge, and corruptinge the same, added thereto this special Prouiso for him
selfe: Nullus Archiepiscoporum, nisi qui Primas Sedes tenet, appelletur Primas,
aut Princeps Sacerdotum, aut Summus Sacerdos, aut aliquid huiusmodi & c. Salua
semper in omnibus Authoritate Beati Petri Apostoli: Let no Archebishop, sauinge
sutche, as haue the Principal, or Firste Sees, be called either the Primate, or the Prince of
Priestes, or the Higheste Prieste, or by any other like name, &c. Sauinge alwaies, and in al
thinges, the Authoritie of Blessed S. Peter the Apostle.

The Apologie, Cap. 4. Diuision .3.
M. Hardinge.

Here by your leaue, Syr Defender, you plaie false, and are taken, as it were with false Dise,
and therefore ye ought iustly to loose al that ye haue vniustly wonne by your false plaie, and false
Dyse: I meane your shameful falsifieinge of this Councel by you alleaged. And for this and other
your falsehed it is righte you loose the credite, whiche vniustly (bicause by false Teachinge)
you haue wonne amonge the Vnlearned. That your false plaie might not soone be espied, you
doo as like to Maister Iuel, as thoughe you were his Fathers Sonne. For that false sleight he vseth
more, then any that euer I readde. For where as we haue seuen Councelles of Carthage, neither
shewe you, whiche of them it is that you alleage, nor geue any notice of the number, where the
Canon maie be founde, But contrariewise as the Lapwinge with her busie crie leadeth a man from
her neste, so you leade vs from the Place, where it is, by puttinge in the Margent of your Booke the
number, 47. that not findinge it by your note, wee shoulde geue ouer further lookinge for it.
Who dothe euil, hateth Light, saithe Christe. So here falsifieinge and forginge a Canon of a
Councel, you woulde faine walke in clowdes, that your lieinge might not be deprehended, &c.
So had it benne donne more circumspectly for furtherance of your falsehed, if the mater shoulde
neuer come to trial of Learninge.
Nowe, who so euer examineth the place truly, muste needes crie out shame on you, Defender,
who are th'auctour. The woordes, if you had lifted to haue alleged them without falsheade, be
these. Whiche we finde in the 26. Canon of the thirde Councel of Carthage, whiche Councel
was Authorized by the sixthe General Councel holden at Constantinople in Trullo. Vt primæ
sedis Episcopius non appelletur Princeps Sacerdotum, aut Summus Sacerdos, aut aliquid huiusmodi,
Sed tantum, Primæ Sedis Episcopus. And thus they are to be Englished. It hathe liked
vs (saie the Fathers of that Councel) that a Bishop of a First See be not called Prince of Priestes,
or Highest Prieste, or any suche other thinge, but onely a Bishop of a Firste See. Now commeth
me this ioyly Defender, and saithe, the Councel of Carthage hathe expresse woordes, (for
so much his Latine soundeth) that no Bishop should be called either the Highest Bishop, or Chiefe
Prieste. By whiche Canon thus by him vntruly vttered, he thought to depriue the Pope of this
Aunciente Title, that al the worlde hathe euer attributed vnto him, so as he be called nomore
Summus Pontifex.
For the right vnderstandinge of this Canon, twoo thinges are to be considered. Howe farre the
Authoritie of this Councel ought to be extended, and what is meant by a First See. The Decrees
of this Councel perteined but to the Prouince of Aphrike. For Prouincial Councelles binde
onely the Prouinces, in whiche, and for Order of whiche they be kepte. Onely the General Councelles
are to be receiued of al.
By these twoo woordes, Prima Sedes, those Fathers vnderstoode any Citie, in whiche a Patriarke
or Primate, who are of one office, thoughe of diuerse names, hathe his See. I cal it a firste
See, or rather (if it might be permitted) a Primate See. In greate Cities where the Highest courtes

for iustice were kept, and where the chiefe Pagane Priestes of the Latines named, Primi Flamines,
were resident before the comminge of Christe, there after Christes comminge were Patriarkes or
Primates placed: by whom the weightie matters of Bishoppes should be decided. Whiche Order
was taken firste by commaundement of S. Peter, as Clement writeth: by the Apostles and Clement,
as Anaclerus witnesseth: by the Apostles and theire Successours afterwardes, as Lucius the
Pope saithe.
Nowe the Councel of Carthage by this Defender alleaged, and likewise the Aphrican Councel
ordeined and willed, that a Bishop of any of the Primate Sees of Aphrike shoulde not be called,
Princeps Sacerdotum, aut Summus Sacerdos, Prince or chiefe of the Priestes, or Highest Prieste:
by whiche woorde a Bishop is there signified: But onely a Bishop of the Primate See, whereof he
was Primate. By whiche Decree they willed onely their Primates of Aphrike to keepe them
selues within theire limites, and not presumptuously to take vpon them more gloriouse Titles, and
further Iurisdiction, then to them perteined, least surely they might seeme to preiudicate the Popes
Supremacie. Thus it is euident, thauctoritie of that Charthage Councel, beinge restrained to Aphrike
onely, that by this Canon the Popes Primacie and Title is no whitte diminished or disproued.
And so for al this Defender, he remaineth as he hath euer, Highest Bishop.

Here is mutche adoo about naught, and a number of bitter woordes pyked out of S. Gregories
Epistles, pretended to be written againste the Bishop of Rome, to no purpose. For if wee saie,
as wee maie saie truely, that he chalengeth to him selfe no sutche name, then what hath this Defender
to saie? Let him shewe vs how many Bishoppes of that See euer tooke the name of the Vniuersal
Bishop vpon them, specially as Gregorie vnderstandeth it to signifie. If he can shewe none,
why blotteth he so mutche paper with so impudent lies?
In deede the sixe hundred and thirty Fathers of the general Councel of Chalcedon, gaue to
Pope Leo that name, as Gregorie in three sundrie Epistles writeth, and certaine other in theire writinges
haue attributed to the Pope the same. But that either Leo, or any other his Successour affected
so to be called, Gregorie denieth. And that any since Gregories time to our daies, euer
called or wrote him selfe Vniuersal Bishop, we denie.
Whereas Pelagius, and Gregorie, writinge againste the Presumption of Iohn the Bishop of
Constantinople for takinge vpon him this name, are mutche alleged by the enemies of Vnitie, againste
the Authoritie of Peters Successour ouer the whole Churche: we saye, that they folowinge
the steppes of their Predecessours, refused the name of Vniversal Bishop in sutche sense, as Pelagius,
and specially Gregorie oftentimes declareth, that where one is called Vniuersal Bishop, he seemeth
to be called Bishop alone, so as Bishoprike should be taken away from al others. But they refused
not so to be called after this meaninge, as though by that refusal, the Auctoritie of the Bishop
of Rome shoulde be restrained, and not extended ouer the whole Churche. They denie, that any
man mighte so be Vniuersal Bishop, as he shoulde be also the peculiar Ruler, and Gouernour or euery
particular Churche. For so al other Bishoppes had ben in vaine: and that is contrary to Christes
Institution, who ordeined al the Apostles to be Bishoppes. To saie al in fewe, they refused the
name that might odiously be taken, they refused not the Primacie whiche Christe to them had
committed. Therefore Gregorie writinge to Morice the Emperoure, alleaginge the woordes that

make for Peters Auctoritie ouer the whole Flocke of Christe, saithe of Peter, The Charge of
the whole Church and Principalitie is committed to him, and yet is he not called Vniuersal Apostle.
Where it is plaine, that Gregorie doth both affirme the charge of the whole, and denieth the
name of Vniuersal. Let these Defenders graunte the thinge, and we striue not for the name.

Ye saie, that the Minister ought laufully to be called (for so hath your Latine) and duely and orderly

to be preferred to that office of the Churche of God. Why doo ye not so? Why is not this
obserued amonge you Gospellers? What so euer ye meane by your Minister, and by that office,
this are wee assured of, that in this your newe Churche, Bishoppes, Priestes, Deacons, Subdeacons,
or any other Inferiour Orders ye haue none.
For whereas after the Doctrine of your Newe Gospel, like the Forerenners of Antichriste, ye
haue abandoned thexternal Sacrifice, and Priesthood of the Newe Testamente, and haue not in
your Secte consecrated Bishops, and therefore beinge without Priestes made with lawful laieinge
on of handes, as Scripture requireth, al Holy Orders beinge geuen by Bishoppes onely: how can ye
saie, that any amonge you can lawfully Minister, or that ye haue any lawful Ministers at al?
This then beinge so, let me haue leaue to oppose one of these Defenders consciences. And that
for the better vnderstandinge I maie directe my woordes to a certaine person, let him be the Authour
of this Apologie, or bicause his name to me is vnknowen, let him be M. Iewel. For with
him gladly would I reason in this pointe, the rather for acquaintance, and for that he beareth the
name of a Bishop in that Churche, where my selfe had a roume. Howe saie you, Sir Minister Bishop,
ought the Minister to be lawfully called? ought he dewly and orderly to be preferred to that
office, or (as the Latine here hathe) promoted, or put in Auctoritie ouer the Churche? in the Apologie
this Defender saithe, yea.
How many Bishops can you recken, whome in the Churche of Salisburie you haue succeeded
as wel in Doctrine, as in outwarde sittinge in that Chaire? Howe many can you tel vs of, that beinge
your Predecessours in order before you, were of your Opinion, and taught the faithful people
of that Dioces the Doctrine, that you teache? Did Bishoppe Capon teache your Doctrine? did
Shaxton? did Campegius? did Bishop Audley? Briefly, did euer any Bishop of that See before you
teache your Doctrine? It is moste certaine they did not.
If you cannot shewe your Bishoply Petigree, if you can proue no Succession, then whereby
holde you? Wil you shewe vs the Letters Patentes of the Prince? Wel may thei stande you in some
steede before men: before God, who shal cal you to accoumpt for presuminge to take the Highest
office in his Churche not duely called thereto, they shal serue you to no purpose.
You knowe what Tertullian saithe of sutche as ye be: Edant Origines Ecclesiarum
suarum, &c. Wee saie likewise to you M. Iewel, and that we saie to you, wee saie to eche one of
your Companions: Tel vs the Original and firste springe of your Churche. Shewe vs the Register
of your Bishoppes continually succeedinge one an other from the beginninge, so as that firste
Bishop haue some one of the Apostles, or of the Apostolike men for his Authour, and Predecessoure.
For by this waie the Apostolike Churches shewe what reputation they be of. As the
Churche of Smyrna telleth vs of Polycarpe by Iohn the Apostle placed there. The Churche of
the Romaines telleth vs of Clemente ordeined by Peter. S. Augustine hauinge reckened vp in order
the Bishoppes of Rome to Anastasius Successour to Siricius, who was the Eighte and thirteth
after Peter, saithe that in al that Number and rolle of Bishoppes there is not founde One,
that was a Donatiste: and thereof he concludeth, Ergo, the Donatistes be not Catholikes.
So after that wee haue reckened al the Bishoppes of Salisburie from Bishoppe Capon vpwarde,
wee shal come at lengthe in respecte of Doctrine and Orders to S. Augustine the Apostle of the
Englishe, who was made Bishoppe by Gregorie, and from Gregorie vpwarde to S. Peter. And
in al that rewe of Bishoppes wee shal finde neuer a one that beleeued, as M. Iewel beleeueth.
Ergo, your Zwinglian and Caluinian Beleefe, M. Iewel, and of the reste of your felowes is not
Catholike.

The Bishop of Sarisburie.

What, M. Hardinge, so mutche falsehed vpon vs at one time? Falsifieinge of
Councelles: Shameful Falsifieinge: False teachinge: False sleight: False Dise:
False Plaie: and al False? Christe saithe of him selfe, I am the Truthe. God geeue
you grace, to credite him. For the erroure of quotation in the Margine, wherein
you spende so many woordes, it maye please you to knowe, that I neither was the
Printer, nor coulde be presente at the Printinge. For the reste, if there can be any
one pointe of Falsehed founde in me, touchinge the allegation of this Councel of
Carthage, I wil not refuse to stande charged with the whole. But if euery of
these horrible Falseheddes be found an euident, and plaine Truthe, then it maie
please you, to take home al these prety Titles to your selfe againe, as in euery of
these woordes so often doubled, and so heapte togeather, hauinge your selfe committed
a seueral Falsehedde.
And herein for trial of your courteous dealinge, I am content, your selfe shal
sitte, & be the Iudge. For, not withstanding it be thought of many, that ye dissemble
deepely, and wil not bestowe your voice to saie the Truthe: Yet I doubte not,
but in this mater, if ye haue eies, ye maie easily looke vp, and see the Truthe.
You saye, Sir Defender hath falsely alleged the Councel of Carthage. And why so?
For that he saithe, The Councel Decreed by expresse woordes, that the Bishop
of Rome should not be called the Uniuersal Bishop. This, you saie, is Forged,
and Falsified, and is no parte of that Councel. For indifferent trial bothe of the
Truthe, and of the Falsehed herein, I beseche you, beholde the very woordes of
the Councel, euen as they are alleged by your owne Doctour Gratian. These they
are: Primæ Sedis Episcopus non appelletur Princeps Sacerdotum, vel Summus Sacerdos,
vel aliquid huiusmodi: Sed tantum, Primæ Sedis Episcopus. Vniuersalis
autem nec etiam Romanus Pontifex appelletur: Let not the Bishop of any
of the Firste Sees be called the Prince of Priestes, Or the Highest Prieste, or by any other like
name: but Onely, the Bishop of the Firste See. But let not the Bishop of Rome
him selfe be called the Vniuersal Bishop. And in the Glose thereupon
it is noted thus,
In hac Distinctione dicitur, quod Papa non debet dici Vniuersalis:
In this Distinction it is saide, that the Pope ought not to be called
the Vniuersal Bishop.
Addition. Here M. Hardinge crieth out bitterly, M. Iewel is a shameless
man: Three maine Lies: O impudente Gloser. Are yee not ashamed &c. Theise be not the
woordes of the Councel of Carthage. They are to be referred to the thirde parte of the distinction,
that foloweth afterwarde. Your speache is terrible, M. Hardinge, and argueth some
inordinate passion in your stomake. Referre theise woordes, whither you wil. If
they be not written in the Councel of Carthage, yet at the leaste, they are the

M iiij

woordes of Gratian alleginge the woordes of the Councel of Carthage. Be they his
woordes, or be they the Councelles. I wil not striue. Wel you know, they are not
mine. Thus he saithe, by your owne Confession, Vniuersalis autem, nec etiam Romanus
Pontifex appelletur: Let not the Bishop of Rome him selfe be called the Vniversal
Bishop. And this you confesse, is the meaninge of Pope Pelagius, that foloweth
immediately in the same Distinction. Nowe, M. Hardinge, What greate preiudice
is this, as touchinge the right of our cause, if we loose the Authoritie of the
Councel of Carthage, and geate the Authoritie of the Pope him selfe, who in your
iudgemente, and as you haue written and published to the worlde, is aboue the
Authoritie of al Councelles. What so euer the Councel of Carthage saie, the Pope
him selfe saithe, as it is noted in the Rubrike. Nec etiam Romanus pontifex Vniuersalis
est appellandus. Now touchinge the Glose, yee renne vpon me with hue,
and crie. O impudente Gloser, (you saie) Are you not a shamed to shewe your peeuishe falsehed?
why leafte you out the beginninge of the sentence? Truely, M. Hardinge, I knewe
not your diete: Otherwise I coulde as good cheape haue serued you with altogeather.
I leafte out nothinge, that was necessarie. But, for as mutche, as yee wante
somethinge, I knowe not what, yee shal haue free libertie to make it vp at your
pleasure. The whole woordes be theise: Hæc est tertia pars Distinctionis, in qua
dicitur, quod papa non debet vocari Vniuersalis: This is the thirde parte of this Distinction.
Wherein it is saide, that the Pope ought not to be called the Vniuersal Bishop.
Nowe telle vs, good M. Hardinge, what peeuishe falsehed, or what impudente
glosinge is this? or, sauinge somme parte of your folie, whereat ought any man
to be ashamed?
Touchinge, that you so pleasantly cheare your selfe with these woordes, You doo
as like M. Iewel, as if you were his Fathers Sonne, I muste answeare you, as S. Augustine
sometime did the Heretique Cresconius: Serua potius Puerilia Pueris: Keepe
sutche Childishe toies to plaie with your Children. God make vs bothe like vnto our Father,
that is in Heauen.
Where you saie, of your selfe onely, without farther witnesse, that this Title
is the Popes Auncient Right, euer geeuen to him by al the worlde, I doubte not,
but the vntruthe hereof by my Former Replie, touchinge the same, maie soone appeare.
Certainely, when the same Title was offered to S. Gregorie, he refused it
vtterly, as none of his.
In deede, this Councel of Carthage notwithstandinge, The Title of Highest
Bishop was sometimes geuen, not onely to the Bishop of Rome, and other Patriarkes,
but also vnto al other Bishoppes. M. Hardinges owne Amphilochius
calleth S. Basile, Principem Sacerdotum, The Prince, or Chiefe of Bishoppes: Rufinus
calleth Athanasius, Pontificem Maximum: The Highest Bishop. Nazianzenus calleth
the same Athanasius, Archisacerdotem Sacerdotum: The Chiefe Bishop of Bishoppes.
Lactantius calleth euery Bishoprike, Summum Sacerdotium. Likewise
S. Hierome saithe, Ecclesiæ Salus in Summi Sacerdotis dignitate pendet: The safetie
of the Churche standeth in the dignitie of the Highest Prieste. By whiche Highest Prieste,
M. Hardinge him selfe saithe, is meante euery seueral Bishop within his owne
Diocese. S. Augustine saithe, Quid est Episcopus, nisi Primus Presbyter, hoc est,
Summus Sacerdos? What is a Bishop, but the Firste, or Chiefe Prieste, that is to saie, the
Highest Prieste? Therefore wee maie safely spare the Pope this Title, of Highest
Bishop, not as Peculiar to him alone, as M. Hardinge imagineth, but as Common,
and General to al Bishoppes.
Al that ye haue here alleged of the Iurisdiction of the Flamines, is a mere fantasie,
grounded onely vpon an vnsauery Fable of Anacletus, and Clemens. Neither
are you able to finde, either these names, Archiflamines, or Protoflamines,
whiche here are imagined, in any Ancient allowed Writer, or any sutche Uniuersal
Iurisdiction to them belonginge.
The Firste, or Principal, or Mother Sees were limited, not by the Flamines,

but by the Prince. So it is written in the Councel of Chalcedon: Quascunque
Ciuitates per Literas Regias Metropolitico nomine honorarunt: What citties so euer
by the Princes Charter, they honoured with the name of the Mother See. And therefore
the Emperour Theodosius, vpon displeasure conceiued, tooke that Name of Honoure
from the Cittie of Antioche, mindinge it shoulde be so called nomore. And
for that cause was the Cittie of Rome chosen emongest others, to be a Primate,
or a Principal Mother See, not for that either Christ, or Peter had so appointed, as
M. Hardinge telleth vs, but for that it was the moste Noble Cittie, and of greatest
renoume in al the worlde. The woordes be plaine: Sedi Veteris Romæ Patres
merito dederunt Primatum, Quod illa Ciuitas aliis Imperarer:
The Fathers woorthily gaue the Chiefetie to the See of the Olde Rome: Bicause that
Cittie had the Princehood ouer others.
Nowe concerninge this Decree of the Councel of Carthage, it touched as wel
the Bishop of Rome, as other Primates. And therefore Pope Adriane afterward
alleginge, and corruptinge the same, added thereto this special Prouiso for him
selfe: Nullus Archiepiscoporum, nisi qui Primas Sedes tenet, appelletur Primas,
aut Princeps Sacerdotum, aut Summus Sacerdos, aut aliquid huiusmodi & c. Salua
semper in omnibus Authoritate Beati Petri Apostoli: Let no Archebishop, sauinge
sutche, as haue the Principal, or Firste Sees, be called either the Primate, or the Prince of
Priestes, or the Higheste Prieste, or by any other like name, &c. Sauinge alwaies, and in al
thinges, the Authoritie of Blessed S. Peter the Apostle.

Here it pleaseth M. Hardinge of his Courtesie to saie, Wee haue blotted our
papers with so many, and so many impudent Lies. His whole discourse standeth
onely in the Construction of this woorde, Vniuersal, in what sense it maie be
either refused, or claimed. Howe be it, vnderstande thou, gentle Reader, that al
this is M. Hardinges owne onely Commentarie. For other Doctour, or Father
he allegeth none.
Addition. But M. Hardinge saithe, M. Iewel misliketh with me for saieinge,
that the name of Vniuersal Bishop in a right sense is no proude name, in respecte of him, to
whome it belongeth. By a right sense, I meane that sense, whiche S. Gregorie allowed, and that,
whiche the fourthe General Councel of Chalcedon allowed.
The Answeare. But what is that right sense, M. Hardinge? The same, (you
saie) that is allowed by the Councel of Chalcedon, and by S. Gregorie. But what sense, that
maie be, neither the Councel of Chalcedon, nor S. Gregorie euer tolde you. Uerily,
Gregorie hauinge occasion largely to dispute hereof, euen in the same sense, and
meaning, as it was claimed by the Bishop of Constantinople, saithe, that the
same Title with the same sense was offered by the Councel of Chalcedon to the
Bishop of Rome. In the same sense, I saie, M. Hardinge, and in none other. And
in what sense it was offered by the Councel, in the same sense the Pope refused it.
The sense therefore beinge one, why doo you so vainely imagine sutche choise of
senses? The sense, that was offered. (you saie) was good: The sense, that was refused, (you
say) was naught. And yet bothe theise senses were al one sense. Otherwise shewe
you me, where S. Gregorie euer called him selfe the Vniuersal Bishop in any kinde
of sense. Certainely, speakinge of the same title of Vniuersal Bishop, and of the
same sense, and of none other, he saithe, Petrus Vniuersalis Apostolus non vocatur:
S. Peter is not called the Vniuersal Apostle. If this title, and this sense neuer
belonged vnto S. Peter, how then maie it belonge vnto the Pope? Wherefore, M.
Hardinge, touchinge the righte sense of theise woordes, I thinke him not in his
right wittes, that can diuise sutche distinction of Senses without any difference.
Him S. Gregorie meante to claime the name of Vniuersal Bishop, that sought
to subdue al the Members of Christes Churche vnto him selfe. And this is that
selfe same Title, and that selfe same sense, that this daie is claimed by the Pope,
as it is euidente vnto the worlde. Pope Clemente saithe, Omnes subiecti sunt
motioni Papæ: & sunt in illo, quasi membra de membro: Al menne are subiecte
to the Popes wil: and are in him, as Members of a Member. Durandus saithe, Omnes
Episcopi descendunt a Papa, tanquam Membra a Capite: Al Bishoppes comme from
the Pope, as Membres from the Heade. An other saithe, Papa est Ordinarius totius
Mundi: The Pope is the Ordinarie, or Bishop of al the whole Worlde. And therfore Pope
Bonifacius 8. hath concluded by Solemne Sentence, That euery Creature must submitte
it selfe vnto the Bishop of Rome, vpon the paine of euerlastinge damnation. This is the
right sense, that you meane, M. Hardinge: Thus the Pope claimeth this daie, to
be the Vniuersal Bishop. And this same Title, and Sense is it, that S. Gregorie
condemneth.
Firste, where it is saide, that S. Gregorie by this woorde, Vniuersal Bishop,
meante him, that would be Bishop alone ouer al the worlde, excludinge al others,
this exposition is not onely strange, but also vaine, & fonde, and voide of reason.
For what Bishop of Constantinople euer was there, that called him self the Onely
Bishop, and excluded al others? Doubtelesse Iohn, that firste laide Claime vnto
this name, as he called him selfe the Vniuersal Bishop, so he wrote his Letters
vnto others, and neuer refused to calle them Bishoppes.
But, to leaue these Gloses, and fantasies, by the Title of Vniuersal Bishop,

S. Gregorie meante sutche a one, not as woulde be Bishop alone, but as woulde
claime Infinite Authoritie, and Uniuersal Iurisdiction ouer al other Bishoppes
throughout the Worlde: and that, as S. Cyprian saithe, woulde calle him selfe,
Episcopum Episcoporum: The Bishop of Bishoppes.
Therefore S. Gregorie thus writeth vnto Iohn the Bishop of Constantinople,
the Firste Usurper of this Title: Quid tu Christo Vniuersalis Ecclesiæ Capiti in
Extremi Iudicij responsurus es examine, qui cuncta eius Membra tibimet conaris
Vniuersalis appellatione supponere? What answeare wilt thou make vnto Christe the
Heade of the Vniuersal Churche, when thou shalte be examined at the laste Iudgement, (not
that thou haste called thee selfe the onely Bishop, but) that thus goest aboute by the
name of Vniuersal Bishop, to make al his Members subiecte vnto thee? It was this Immoderate
Uniuersal Iurisdiction, that S. Gregorie reproued, and not the makinge of
him selfe Bishop alone, excludinge al others.
Likewise he writeth of him selfe vnto Eulogius: Beatitudo vestra mihi sic loquitur,
Sicut Iussistis. Quod Verbum Iussionis, peto, a meo auditu remouete.
Non Iussi: Sed quæ vtilia visa sunt, indicare curaui: Your Holinesse saithe thus
vnto me, (beinge the Bishop of Rome) As you haue Commaunded. Haue
awaie this woorde of Commaundinge from my Hearinge, I beseeche you. I Commaunded
you not: but that I tooke to be the beste, I thought good to shewe you. The
faulte therefore, that Gregorie findeth with Iohn the Bishop of Constantinople,
stoode not in callinge him selfe the Onely Bishop, for so he neuer did, but in Biddinge,
and Commaunding, and Claiminge Uniuersalitie of Iurisdiction ouer the
whole Churche of Christe. And for that cause he saithe vnto Eulogius: Ecce in
Præsatione Epistolæ, quam ad meipsum, qui prohibui, direxistis, Superbæ Appellationis
Verbum, Vniuersalem me Papam dicentes imprimere Curastis. Quod,
peto, dulcissima mihi Sanctitas vestra vltra non faciat: quia vobis subtrahitur, quod
alteri plusquam ratio exigit præbetur: Beholde euen in the Title of your Letter ye haue
written this Prowde Posee, naminge me The Vniuersal Pope: notwithstandinge I
haue forbidden it. I beseche your Holinesse, to doo so nomore. For what so euer is geuen vnto
any other aboue reason, the same is taken from your selues.
M. Hardinge saithe, Gregorie affirmeth the Charge of the whole, and denieth the name
of Vniuersal. Let these Defenders (saithe he) graunte the thinge, and wee striue not for the name.
Uerily this plaie had benne to vaine for Children: to allowe the thinge it selfe,
and to cauil onely aboute the name: that is to receiue the Bodie, and to shunne the
Shadowe: Or, as Christe saithe, to swalowe a Camel, and to straine a gnatte.
So Appian saithe, Iulius Cæsar nicely refused to be called a Kinge: and yet in al
manner Authoritie, and Gouernmente bare him selfe none otherwise, then as a
Kinge.
It was not the bare Name of Vniuersal Bishop, that so mutche offended the
Holy Fathers: but the Pride, and Tyrannie, and Uniuersal Gouernmente, and
Iurisdiction, that is signified by that name. If the name were naught, then was
the Usurpation of the thinge it selfe a greate deale woorse.
But S. Gregorie saithe, The Charge, and Principalitie of the whole Churche was
committed vnto Peter. This is not denied: In like sorte Chrysostome saithe, The
like Charge, and Principalitie of the Churche was committed vnto Paule. For thus he
writeth, Paulo Totus Orbis creditus est:Paulus gubernat Orbis Ecclesiam: Paulus
Vniuersum gubernat Orbem: Vnto Paule the whole Worlde is committed: Paule gouerneth
the Churche of the Worlde: Paule ruleth the whole Worlde. And yet Chrysostome
meante not hereby, that Paule had the Uniuersal Gouernmente of the whole: but
that his care, and Charge was general, as not bounde or limited vnto one place,
but indifferente, and comon vnto al. So he saithe, Paulus tam anxie omnium
salutem curabat, ac si Totus Mundus vnica esset Domus: Paule was so careful for the

Saluation of al menne, as if the Whole Worlde had benne but one House. Againe, Paulum
tangebat solicitudo Omnium, Ecclesiarum: non Vnius, aut Duarum, aut
Trium, sed Omnium, quæ erant per Orbem Terrarum: Paule was moued with the
care of Al Churches: not of One, or Two, or Three, but of Al the Churches throughout the
Worlde. Likewise he saithe of S. Iohn, Columna erat Omnium, quæ in Orbe sunt,
Ecclesiarum: He was the Piller of Al the Churches in the Worlde. Likewise againe of
S. Matthewe, Matthæus Vniuersi Orbis curam gerebat: The Whole Worlde was vnder
Matthewes Charge.
Therefore, if M. Harding wil geather out of these three woordes of S. Gregorie
(Totius Ecclesiæ Cura) that Peter had Uniuersal Iurisdiction ouer al, it
muste needes folowe by the same woordes, that Paule, Iohn, and Mathewe had the
same Iurisdiction ouer al. What other thinge he hopeth to gaine by these woordes
of S. Gregorie, I cannot tel: Onlesse happily he wil founde his reason thus: S. Gregorie
saithe, Petrus Vniuersalis Apostolus non vocatur: Peter is not called the Vniuersal
Apostle: Ergo, The Pope is the Vniuersal Bishop.
So handsomely these thinges are geathered togeather, to serue the Pourpose.
Pope Leo (ye saie) of Humilitie refused this Name openly in the Councel of Chalcedon.
In deede Pope Gregorie so reporteth it. Not withstandinge it appeareth not by any
thinge donne in that Councel, that this Title was euer offered him. And to
refuse a thinge before it be offered, it is no greate pointe of Humilitie.
To be short, the beste wee can geather hereof, is this: Iohn the Bishop of Constantinople
ambitiously craued this name: Pope Leo godly refused it beinge offered
vnto him: The Popes afterward gladly receiued it without offeringe. If it
were a good name, why was it refused? If it were an il name, why was it receiued?
Now let vs see, what they of M. Hardinges side haue meante by this woorde,
Vniuersal, and with what Humilitie the Popes haue receiued the same. Thus
therefore they write: Papa Totius Orbis obtinet Principatum: The Pope hathe the
Princehood of Al the Worlde: And when the Pope is Consecrate, the Chiefe Minister
saithe vnto him, Ego inuestio te de Papatu, vt Præsis Vrbi, & Orbi: I doo inueste
thee with the Popedome, that thou maiste rule both the Cittie, and the Worlde.
And whereas M. Harding demaundeth, how many Popes haue claimed this
name, it maie please him, to remember, that in the late Councel of Constance it
was not onely claimed, but also published, as an Article of the Faithe. The
woordes are these, De necessitate Salutis est credere, Papam esse Oecumenicum: It
is of the necessitie of Saluation to beleue, that the Pope is the Vniueral Bishop.
Of this Uniuersalitie of Power Franciscus Zabarella writeth thus: Papa
iam occupauit Omnia iura inferiorum Ecclesiarum, ita, vt inferiores Prelati sint pro
nihilo; The Pope hath nowe gotten the right of Al Inferiour Churches, so that the Inferiour
Prelates stande nowe for nothinge.
For these causes Gregorie calleth the name of Uniuersal Bishop, a Prophane,
a Presumptuous, a Wicked, and an Antichristian name: Comparing the Usurper
thereof with Lucifer, and Antichriste.

The Apologie, Cap. 4. Diuision .3.

And therefore, sithence the Bishop of Rome wil now a daies so be
called, & chalengeth vnto him selfe an Authoritie, that is none of his:
bisides that, he dothe plainely contrarie to the Ancient Councelles,
and contrarie to the Olde Fathers: Wee beleue, that he dothe geue to
him selfe, as it is written by his owne Companion Gregorie, a Presumptuouse,
a Prophane, a Sacrilegious, and an Antichristian name:
that he is also the Kinge of Pride, that he is Lucifer, whiche preferreth
him selfe before his Bretherne: that he hathe forsaken the Faith,
and is the Forerenner of Antichriste.

M. Hardinge.

Here is mutche adoo about naught, and a number of bitter woordes pyked out of S. Gregories
Epistles, pretended to be written againste the Bishop of Rome, to no purpose. For if wee saie,
as wee maie saie truely, that he chalengeth to him selfe no sutche name, then what hath this Defender
to saie? Let him shewe vs how many Bishoppes of that See euer tooke the name of the Vniuersal
Bishop vpon them, specially as Gregorie vnderstandeth it to signifie. If he can shewe none,
why blotteth he so mutche paper with so impudent lies?
In deede the sixe hundred and thirty Fathers of the general Councel of Chalcedon, gaue to
Pope Leo that name, as Gregorie in three sundrie Epistles writeth, and certaine other in theire writinges
haue attributed to the Pope the same. But that either Leo, or any other his Successour affected
so to be called, Gregorie denieth. And that any since Gregories time to our daies, euer
called or wrote him selfe Vniuersal Bishop, we denie.
Whereas Pelagius, and Gregorie, writinge againste the Presumption of Iohn the Bishop of
Constantinople for takinge vpon him this name, are mutche alleged by the enemies of Vnitie, againste
the Authoritie of Peters Successour ouer the whole Churche: we saye, that they folowinge
the steppes of their Predecessours, refused the name of Vniversal Bishop in sutche sense, as Pelagius,
and specially Gregorie oftentimes declareth, that where one is called Vniuersal Bishop, he seemeth
to be called Bishop alone, so as Bishoprike should be taken away from al others. But they refused
not so to be called after this meaninge, as though by that refusal, the Auctoritie of the Bishop
of Rome shoulde be restrained, and not extended ouer the whole Churche. They denie, that any
man mighte so be Vniuersal Bishop, as he shoulde be also the peculiar Ruler, and Gouernour or euery
particular Churche. For so al other Bishoppes had ben in vaine: and that is contrary to Christes
Institution, who ordeined al the Apostles to be Bishoppes. To saie al in fewe, they refused the
name that might odiously be taken, they refused not the Primacie whiche Christe to them had
committed. Therefore Gregorie writinge to Morice the Emperoure, alleaginge the woordes that

make for Peters Auctoritie ouer the whole Flocke of Christe, saithe of Peter, The Charge of
the whole Church and Principalitie is committed to him, and yet is he not called Vniuersal Apostle.
Where it is plaine, that Gregorie doth both affirme the charge of the whole, and denieth the
name of Vniuersal. Let these Defenders graunte the thinge, and we striue not for the name.

The Bishop of Sarisburie.

Here it pleaseth M. Hardinge of his Courtesie to saie, Wee haue blotted our
papers with so many, and so many impudent Lies. His whole discourse standeth
onely in the Construction of this woorde, Vniuersal, in what sense it maie be
either refused, or claimed. Howe be it, vnderstande thou, gentle Reader, that al
this is M. Hardinges owne onely Commentarie. For other Doctour, or Father
he allegeth none.
Addition. But M. Hardinge saithe, M. Iewel misliketh with me for saieinge,
that the name of Vniuersal Bishop in a right sense is no proude name, in respecte of him, to
whome it belongeth. By a right sense, I meane that sense, whiche S. Gregorie allowed, and that,
whiche the fourthe General Councel of Chalcedon allowed.
The Answeare. But what is that right sense, M. Hardinge? The same, (you
saie) that is allowed by the Councel of Chalcedon, and by S. Gregorie. But what sense, that
maie be, neither the Councel of Chalcedon, nor S. Gregorie euer tolde you. Uerily,
Gregorie hauinge occasion largely to dispute hereof, euen in the same sense, and
meaning, as it was claimed by the Bishop of Constantinople, saithe, that the
same Title with the same sense was offered by the Councel of Chalcedon to the
Bishop of Rome. In the same sense, I saie, M. Hardinge, and in none other. And
in what sense it was offered by the Councel, in the same sense the Pope refused it.
The sense therefore beinge one, why doo you so vainely imagine sutche choise of
senses? The sense, that was offered. (you saie) was good: The sense, that was refused, (you
say) was naught. And yet bothe theise senses were al one sense. Otherwise shewe
you me, where S. Gregorie euer called him selfe the Vniuersal Bishop in any kinde
of sense. Certainely, speakinge of the same title of Vniuersal Bishop, and of the
same sense, and of none other, he saithe, Petrus Vniuersalis Apostolus non vocatur:
S. Peter is not called the Vniuersal Apostle. If this title, and this sense neuer
belonged vnto S. Peter, how then maie it belonge vnto the Pope? Wherefore, M.
Hardinge, touchinge the righte sense of theise woordes, I thinke him not in his
right wittes, that can diuise sutche distinction of Senses without any difference.
Him S. Gregorie meante to claime the name of Vniuersal Bishop, that sought
to subdue al the Members of Christes Churche vnto him selfe. And this is that
selfe same Title, and that selfe same sense, that this daie is claimed by the Pope,
as it is euidente vnto the worlde. Pope Clemente saithe, Omnes subiecti sunt
motioni Papæ: & sunt in illo, quasi membra de membro: Al menne are subiecte
to the Popes wil: and are in him, as Members of a Member. Durandus saithe, Omnes
Episcopi descendunt a Papa, tanquam Membra a Capite: Al Bishoppes comme from
the Pope, as Membres from the Heade. An other saithe, Papa est Ordinarius totius
Mundi: The Pope is the Ordinarie, or Bishop of al the whole Worlde. And therfore Pope
Bonifacius 8. hath concluded by Solemne Sentence, That euery Creature must submitte
it selfe vnto the Bishop of Rome, vpon the paine of euerlastinge damnation. This is the
right sense, that you meane, M. Hardinge: Thus the Pope claimeth this daie, to
be the Vniuersal Bishop. And this same Title, and Sense is it, that S. Gregorie
condemneth.
Firste, where it is saide, that S. Gregorie by this woorde, Vniuersal Bishop,
meante him, that would be Bishop alone ouer al the worlde, excludinge al others,
this exposition is not onely strange, but also vaine, & fonde, and voide of reason.
For what Bishop of Constantinople euer was there, that called him self the Onely
Bishop, and excluded al others? Doubtelesse Iohn, that firste laide Claime vnto
this name, as he called him selfe the Vniuersal Bishop, so he wrote his Letters
vnto others, and neuer refused to calle them Bishoppes.
But, to leaue these Gloses, and fantasies, by the Title of Vniuersal Bishop,

S. Gregorie meante sutche a one, not as woulde be Bishop alone, but as woulde
claime Infinite Authoritie, and Uniuersal Iurisdiction ouer al other Bishoppes
throughout the Worlde: and that, as S. Cyprian saithe, woulde calle him selfe,
Episcopum Episcoporum: The Bishop of Bishoppes.
Therefore S. Gregorie thus writeth vnto Iohn the Bishop of Constantinople,
the Firste Usurper of this Title: Quid tu Christo Vniuersalis Ecclesiæ Capiti in
Extremi Iudicij responsurus es examine, qui cuncta eius Membra tibimet conaris
Vniuersalis appellatione supponere? What answeare wilt thou make vnto Christe the
Heade of the Vniuersal Churche, when thou shalte be examined at the laste Iudgement, (not
that thou haste called thee selfe the onely Bishop, but) that thus goest aboute by the
name of Vniuersal Bishop, to make al his Members subiecte vnto thee? It was this Immoderate
Uniuersal Iurisdiction, that S. Gregorie reproued, and not the makinge of
him selfe Bishop alone, excludinge al others.
Likewise he writeth of him selfe vnto Eulogius: Beatitudo vestra mihi sic loquitur,
Sicut Iussistis. Quod Verbum Iussionis, peto, a meo auditu remouete.
Non Iussi: Sed quæ vtilia visa sunt, indicare curaui: Your Holinesse saithe thus
vnto me, (beinge the Bishop of Rome) As you haue Commaunded. Haue
awaie this woorde of Commaundinge from my Hearinge, I beseeche you. I Commaunded
you not: but that I tooke to be the beste, I thought good to shewe you. The
faulte therefore, that Gregorie findeth with Iohn the Bishop of Constantinople,
stoode not in callinge him selfe the Onely Bishop, for so he neuer did, but in Biddinge,
and Commaunding, and Claiminge Uniuersalitie of Iurisdiction ouer the
whole Churche of Christe. And for that cause he saithe vnto Eulogius: Ecce in
Præsatione Epistolæ, quam ad meipsum, qui prohibui, direxistis, Superbæ Appellationis
Verbum, Vniuersalem me Papam dicentes imprimere Curastis. Quod,
peto, dulcissima mihi Sanctitas vestra vltra non faciat: quia vobis subtrahitur, quod
alteri plusquam ratio exigit præbetur: Beholde euen in the Title of your Letter ye haue
written this Prowde Posee, naminge me The Vniuersal Pope: notwithstandinge I
haue forbidden it. I beseche your Holinesse, to doo so nomore. For what so euer is geuen vnto
any other aboue reason, the same is taken from your selues.
M. Hardinge saithe, Gregorie affirmeth the Charge of the whole, and denieth the name
of Vniuersal. Let these Defenders (saithe he) graunte the thinge, and wee striue not for the name.
Uerily this plaie had benne to vaine for Children: to allowe the thinge it selfe,
and to cauil onely aboute the name: that is to receiue the Bodie, and to shunne the
Shadowe: Or, as Christe saithe, to swalowe a Camel, and to straine a gnatte.
So Appian saithe, Iulius Cæsar nicely refused to be called a Kinge: and yet in al
manner Authoritie, and Gouernmente bare him selfe none otherwise, then as a
Kinge.
It was not the bare Name of Vniuersal Bishop, that so mutche offended the
Holy Fathers: but the Pride, and Tyrannie, and Uniuersal Gouernmente, and
Iurisdiction, that is signified by that name. If the name were naught, then was
the Usurpation of the thinge it selfe a greate deale woorse.
But S. Gregorie saithe, The Charge, and Principalitie of the whole Churche was
committed vnto Peter. This is not denied: In like sorte Chrysostome saithe, The
like Charge, and Principalitie of the Churche was committed vnto Paule. For thus he
writeth, Paulo Totus Orbis creditus est:Paulus gubernat Orbis Ecclesiam: Paulus
Vniuersum gubernat Orbem: Vnto Paule the whole Worlde is committed: Paule gouerneth
the Churche of the Worlde: Paule ruleth the whole Worlde. And yet Chrysostome
meante not hereby, that Paule had the Uniuersal Gouernmente of the whole: but
that his care, and Charge was general, as not bounde or limited vnto one place,
but indifferente, and comon vnto al. So he saithe, Paulus tam anxie omnium
salutem curabat, ac si Totus Mundus vnica esset Domus: Paule was so careful for the

Saluation of al menne, as if the Whole Worlde had benne but one House. Againe, Paulum
tangebat solicitudo Omnium, Ecclesiarum: non Vnius, aut Duarum, aut
Trium, sed Omnium, quæ erant per Orbem Terrarum: Paule was moued with the
care of Al Churches: not of One, or Two, or Three, but of Al the Churches throughout the
Worlde. Likewise he saithe of S. Iohn, Columna erat Omnium, quæ in Orbe sunt,
Ecclesiarum: He was the Piller of Al the Churches in the Worlde. Likewise againe of
S. Matthewe, Matthæus Vniuersi Orbis curam gerebat: The Whole Worlde was vnder
Matthewes Charge.
Therefore, if M. Harding wil geather out of these three woordes of S. Gregorie
(Totius Ecclesiæ Cura) that Peter had Uniuersal Iurisdiction ouer al, it
muste needes folowe by the same woordes, that Paule, Iohn, and Mathewe had the
same Iurisdiction ouer al. What other thinge he hopeth to gaine by these woordes
of S. Gregorie, I cannot tel: Onlesse happily he wil founde his reason thus: S. Gregorie
saithe, Petrus Vniuersalis Apostolus non vocatur: Peter is not called the Vniuersal
Apostle: Ergo, The Pope is the Vniuersal Bishop.
So handsomely these thinges are geathered togeather, to serue the Pourpose.
Pope Leo (ye saie) of Humilitie refused this Name openly in the Councel of Chalcedon.
In deede Pope Gregorie so reporteth it. Not withstandinge it appeareth not by any
thinge donne in that Councel, that this Title was euer offered him. And to
refuse a thinge before it be offered, it is no greate pointe of Humilitie.
To be short, the beste wee can geather hereof, is this: Iohn the Bishop of Constantinople
ambitiously craued this name: Pope Leo godly refused it beinge offered
vnto him: The Popes afterward gladly receiued it without offeringe. If it
were a good name, why was it refused? If it were an il name, why was it receiued?
Now let vs see, what they of M. Hardinges side haue meante by this woorde,
Vniuersal, and with what Humilitie the Popes haue receiued the same. Thus
therefore they write: Papa Totius Orbis obtinet Principatum: The Pope hathe the
Princehood of Al the Worlde: And when the Pope is Consecrate, the Chiefe Minister
saithe vnto him, Ego inuestio te de Papatu, vt Præsis Vrbi, & Orbi: I doo inueste
thee with the Popedome, that thou maiste rule both the Cittie, and the Worlde.
And whereas M. Harding demaundeth, how many Popes haue claimed this
name, it maie please him, to remember, that in the late Councel of Constance it
was not onely claimed, but also published, as an Article of the Faithe. The
woordes are these, De necessitate Salutis est credere, Papam esse Oecumenicum: It
is of the necessitie of Saluation to beleue, that the Pope is the Vniueral Bishop.
Of this Uniuersalitie of Power Franciscus Zabarella writeth thus: Papa
iam occupauit Omnia iura inferiorum Ecclesiarum, ita, vt inferiores Prelati sint pro
nihilo; The Pope hath nowe gotten the right of Al Inferiour Churches, so that the Inferiour
Prelates stande nowe for nothinge.
For these causes Gregorie calleth the name of Uniuersal Bishop, a Prophane,
a Presumptuous, a Wicked, and an Antichristian name: Comparing the Usurper
thereof with Lucifer, and Antichriste.

The Apologie, Cap. 5. Diuision .1.
M. Hardinge.

Here is mutche adoo about naught, and a number of bitter woordes pyked out of S. Gregories
Epistles, pretended to be written againste the Bishop of Rome, to no purpose. For if wee saie,
as wee maie saie truely, that he chalengeth to him selfe no sutche name, then what hath this Defender
to saie? Let him shewe vs how many Bishoppes of that See euer tooke the name of the Vniuersal
Bishop vpon them, specially as Gregorie vnderstandeth it to signifie. If he can shewe none,
why blotteth he so mutche paper with so impudent lies?
In deede the sixe hundred and thirty Fathers of the general Councel of Chalcedon, gaue to
Pope Leo that name, as Gregorie in three sundrie Epistles writeth, and certaine other in theire writinges
haue attributed to the Pope the same. But that either Leo, or any other his Successour affected
so to be called, Gregorie denieth. And that any since Gregories time to our daies, euer
called or wrote him selfe Vniuersal Bishop, we denie.
Whereas Pelagius, and Gregorie, writinge againste the Presumption of Iohn the Bishop of
Constantinople for takinge vpon him this name, are mutche alleged by the enemies of Vnitie, againste
the Authoritie of Peters Successour ouer the whole Churche: we saye, that they folowinge
the steppes of their Predecessours, refused the name of Vniversal Bishop in sutche sense, as Pelagius,
and specially Gregorie oftentimes declareth, that where one is called Vniuersal Bishop, he seemeth
to be called Bishop alone, so as Bishoprike should be taken away from al others. But they refused
not so to be called after this meaninge, as though by that refusal, the Auctoritie of the Bishop
of Rome shoulde be restrained, and not extended ouer the whole Churche. They denie, that any
man mighte so be Vniuersal Bishop, as he shoulde be also the peculiar Ruler, and Gouernour or euery
particular Churche. For so al other Bishoppes had ben in vaine: and that is contrary to Christes
Institution, who ordeined al the Apostles to be Bishoppes. To saie al in fewe, they refused the
name that might odiously be taken, they refused not the Primacie whiche Christe to them had
committed. Therefore Gregorie writinge to Morice the Emperoure, alleaginge the woordes that

make for Peters Auctoritie ouer the whole Flocke of Christe, saithe of Peter, The Charge of
the whole Church and Principalitie is committed to him, and yet is he not called Vniuersal Apostle.
Where it is plaine, that Gregorie doth both affirme the charge of the whole, and denieth the
name of Vniuersal. Let these Defenders graunte the thinge, and we striue not for the name.

Ye saie, that the Minister ought laufully to be called (for so hath your Latine) and duely and orderly

to be preferred to that office of the Churche of God. Why doo ye not so? Why is not this
obserued amonge you Gospellers? What so euer ye meane by your Minister, and by that office,
this are wee assured of, that in this your newe Churche, Bishoppes, Priestes, Deacons, Subdeacons,
or any other Inferiour Orders ye haue none.
For whereas after the Doctrine of your Newe Gospel, like the Forerenners of Antichriste, ye
haue abandoned thexternal Sacrifice, and Priesthood of the Newe Testamente, and haue not in
your Secte consecrated Bishops, and therefore beinge without Priestes made with lawful laieinge
on of handes, as Scripture requireth, al Holy Orders beinge geuen by Bishoppes onely: how can ye
saie, that any amonge you can lawfully Minister, or that ye haue any lawful Ministers at al?
This then beinge so, let me haue leaue to oppose one of these Defenders consciences. And that
for the better vnderstandinge I maie directe my woordes to a certaine person, let him be the Authour
of this Apologie, or bicause his name to me is vnknowen, let him be M. Iewel. For with
him gladly would I reason in this pointe, the rather for acquaintance, and for that he beareth the
name of a Bishop in that Churche, where my selfe had a roume. Howe saie you, Sir Minister Bishop,
ought the Minister to be lawfully called? ought he dewly and orderly to be preferred to that
office, or (as the Latine here hathe) promoted, or put in Auctoritie ouer the Churche? in the Apologie
this Defender saithe, yea.
How many Bishops can you recken, whome in the Churche of Salisburie you haue succeeded
as wel in Doctrine, as in outwarde sittinge in that Chaire? Howe many can you tel vs of, that beinge
your Predecessours in order before you, were of your Opinion, and taught the faithful people
of that Dioces the Doctrine, that you teache? Did Bishoppe Capon teache your Doctrine? did
Shaxton? did Campegius? did Bishop Audley? Briefly, did euer any Bishop of that See before you
teache your Doctrine? It is moste certaine they did not.
If you cannot shewe your Bishoply Petigree, if you can proue no Succession, then whereby
holde you? Wil you shewe vs the Letters Patentes of the Prince? Wel may thei stande you in some
steede before men: before God, who shal cal you to accoumpt for presuminge to take the Highest
office in his Churche not duely called thereto, they shal serue you to no purpose.
You knowe what Tertullian saithe of sutche as ye be: Edant Origines Ecclesiarum
suarum, &c. Wee saie likewise to you M. Iewel, and that we saie to you, wee saie to eche one of
your Companions: Tel vs the Original and firste springe of your Churche. Shewe vs the Register
of your Bishoppes continually succeedinge one an other from the beginninge, so as that firste
Bishop haue some one of the Apostles, or of the Apostolike men for his Authour, and Predecessoure.
For by this waie the Apostolike Churches shewe what reputation they be of. As the
Churche of Smyrna telleth vs of Polycarpe by Iohn the Apostle placed there. The Churche of
the Romaines telleth vs of Clemente ordeined by Peter. S. Augustine hauinge reckened vp in order
the Bishoppes of Rome to Anastasius Successour to Siricius, who was the Eighte and thirteth
after Peter, saithe that in al that Number and rolle of Bishoppes there is not founde One,
that was a Donatiste: and thereof he concludeth, Ergo, the Donatistes be not Catholikes.
So after that wee haue reckened al the Bishoppes of Salisburie from Bishoppe Capon vpwarde,
wee shal come at lengthe in respecte of Doctrine and Orders to S. Augustine the Apostle of the
Englishe, who was made Bishoppe by Gregorie, and from Gregorie vpwarde to S. Peter. And
in al that rewe of Bishoppes wee shal finde neuer a one that beleeued, as M. Iewel beleeueth.
Ergo, your Zwinglian and Caluinian Beleefe, M. Iewel, and of the reste of your felowes is not
Catholike.

The Bishop of Sarisburie.

Here it pleaseth M. Hardinge of his Courtesie to saie, Wee haue blotted our
papers with so many, and so many impudent Lies. His whole discourse standeth
onely in the Construction of this woorde, Vniuersal, in what sense it maie be
either refused, or claimed. Howe be it, vnderstande thou, gentle Reader, that al
this is M. Hardinges owne onely Commentarie. For other Doctour, or Father
he allegeth none.
Addition. But M. Hardinge saithe, M. Iewel misliketh with me for saieinge,
that the name of Vniuersal Bishop in a right sense is no proude name, in respecte of him, to
whome it belongeth. By a right sense, I meane that sense, whiche S. Gregorie allowed, and that,
whiche the fourthe General Councel of Chalcedon allowed.
The Answeare. But what is that right sense, M. Hardinge? The same, (you
saie) that is allowed by the Councel of Chalcedon, and by S. Gregorie. But what sense, that
maie be, neither the Councel of Chalcedon, nor S. Gregorie euer tolde you. Uerily,
Gregorie hauinge occasion largely to dispute hereof, euen in the same sense, and
meaning, as it was claimed by the Bishop of Constantinople, saithe, that the
same Title with the same sense was offered by the Councel of Chalcedon to the
Bishop of Rome. In the same sense, I saie, M. Hardinge, and in none other. And
in what sense it was offered by the Councel, in the same sense the Pope refused it.
The sense therefore beinge one, why doo you so vainely imagine sutche choise of
senses? The sense, that was offered. (you saie) was good: The sense, that was refused, (you
say) was naught. And yet bothe theise senses were al one sense. Otherwise shewe
you me, where S. Gregorie euer called him selfe the Vniuersal Bishop in any kinde
of sense. Certainely, speakinge of the same title of Vniuersal Bishop, and of the
same sense, and of none other, he saithe, Petrus Vniuersalis Apostolus non vocatur:
S. Peter is not called the Vniuersal Apostle. If this title, and this sense neuer
belonged vnto S. Peter, how then maie it belonge vnto the Pope? Wherefore, M.
Hardinge, touchinge the righte sense of theise woordes, I thinke him not in his
right wittes, that can diuise sutche distinction of Senses without any difference.
Him S. Gregorie meante to claime the name of Vniuersal Bishop, that sought
to subdue al the Members of Christes Churche vnto him selfe. And this is that
selfe same Title, and that selfe same sense, that this daie is claimed by the Pope,
as it is euidente vnto the worlde. Pope Clemente saithe, Omnes subiecti sunt
motioni Papæ: & sunt in illo, quasi membra de membro: Al menne are subiecte
to the Popes wil: and are in him, as Members of a Member. Durandus saithe, Omnes
Episcopi descendunt a Papa, tanquam Membra a Capite: Al Bishoppes comme from
the Pope, as Membres from the Heade. An other saithe, Papa est Ordinarius totius
Mundi: The Pope is the Ordinarie, or Bishop of al the whole Worlde. And therfore Pope
Bonifacius 8. hath concluded by Solemne Sentence, That euery Creature must submitte
it selfe vnto the Bishop of Rome, vpon the paine of euerlastinge damnation. This is the
right sense, that you meane, M. Hardinge: Thus the Pope claimeth this daie, to
be the Vniuersal Bishop. And this same Title, and Sense is it, that S. Gregorie
condemneth.
Firste, where it is saide, that S. Gregorie by this woorde, Vniuersal Bishop,
meante him, that would be Bishop alone ouer al the worlde, excludinge al others,
this exposition is not onely strange, but also vaine, & fonde, and voide of reason.
For what Bishop of Constantinople euer was there, that called him self the Onely
Bishop, and excluded al others? Doubtelesse Iohn, that firste laide Claime vnto
this name, as he called him selfe the Vniuersal Bishop, so he wrote his Letters
vnto others, and neuer refused to calle them Bishoppes.
But, to leaue these Gloses, and fantasies, by the Title of Vniuersal Bishop,

S. Gregorie meante sutche a one, not as woulde be Bishop alone, but as woulde
claime Infinite Authoritie, and Uniuersal Iurisdiction ouer al other Bishoppes
throughout the Worlde: and that, as S. Cyprian saithe, woulde calle him selfe,
Episcopum Episcoporum: The Bishop of Bishoppes.
Therefore S. Gregorie thus writeth vnto Iohn the Bishop of Constantinople,
the Firste Usurper of this Title: Quid tu Christo Vniuersalis Ecclesiæ Capiti in
Extremi Iudicij responsurus es examine, qui cuncta eius Membra tibimet conaris
Vniuersalis appellatione supponere? What answeare wilt thou make vnto Christe the
Heade of the Vniuersal Churche, when thou shalte be examined at the laste Iudgement, (not
that thou haste called thee selfe the onely Bishop, but) that thus goest aboute by the
name of Vniuersal Bishop, to make al his Members subiecte vnto thee? It was this Immoderate
Uniuersal Iurisdiction, that S. Gregorie reproued, and not the makinge of
him selfe Bishop alone, excludinge al others.
Likewise he writeth of him selfe vnto Eulogius: Beatitudo vestra mihi sic loquitur,
Sicut Iussistis. Quod Verbum Iussionis, peto, a meo auditu remouete.
Non Iussi: Sed quæ vtilia visa sunt, indicare curaui: Your Holinesse saithe thus
vnto me, (beinge the Bishop of Rome) As you haue Commaunded. Haue
awaie this woorde of Commaundinge from my Hearinge, I beseeche you. I Commaunded
you not: but that I tooke to be the beste, I thought good to shewe you. The
faulte therefore, that Gregorie findeth with Iohn the Bishop of Constantinople,
stoode not in callinge him selfe the Onely Bishop, for so he neuer did, but in Biddinge,
and Commaunding, and Claiminge Uniuersalitie of Iurisdiction ouer the
whole Churche of Christe. And for that cause he saithe vnto Eulogius: Ecce in
Præsatione Epistolæ, quam ad meipsum, qui prohibui, direxistis, Superbæ Appellationis
Verbum, Vniuersalem me Papam dicentes imprimere Curastis. Quod,
peto, dulcissima mihi Sanctitas vestra vltra non faciat: quia vobis subtrahitur, quod
alteri plusquam ratio exigit præbetur: Beholde euen in the Title of your Letter ye haue
written this Prowde Posee, naminge me The Vniuersal Pope: notwithstandinge I
haue forbidden it. I beseche your Holinesse, to doo so nomore. For what so euer is geuen vnto
any other aboue reason, the same is taken from your selues.
M. Hardinge saithe, Gregorie affirmeth the Charge of the whole, and denieth the name
of Vniuersal. Let these Defenders (saithe he) graunte the thinge, and wee striue not for the name.
Uerily this plaie had benne to vaine for Children: to allowe the thinge it selfe,
and to cauil onely aboute the name: that is to receiue the Bodie, and to shunne the
Shadowe: Or, as Christe saithe, to swalowe a Camel, and to straine a gnatte.
So Appian saithe, Iulius Cæsar nicely refused to be called a Kinge: and yet in al
manner Authoritie, and Gouernmente bare him selfe none otherwise, then as a
Kinge.
It was not the bare Name of Vniuersal Bishop, that so mutche offended the
Holy Fathers: but the Pride, and Tyrannie, and Uniuersal Gouernmente, and
Iurisdiction, that is signified by that name. If the name were naught, then was
the Usurpation of the thinge it selfe a greate deale woorse.
But S. Gregorie saithe, The Charge, and Principalitie of the whole Churche was
committed vnto Peter. This is not denied: In like sorte Chrysostome saithe, The
like Charge, and Principalitie of the Churche was committed vnto Paule. For thus he
writeth, Paulo Totus Orbis creditus est:Paulus gubernat Orbis Ecclesiam: Paulus
Vniuersum gubernat Orbem: Vnto Paule the whole Worlde is committed: Paule gouerneth
the Churche of the Worlde: Paule ruleth the whole Worlde. And yet Chrysostome
meante not hereby, that Paule had the Uniuersal Gouernmente of the whole: but
that his care, and Charge was general, as not bounde or limited vnto one place,
but indifferente, and comon vnto al. So he saithe, Paulus tam anxie omnium
salutem curabat, ac si Totus Mundus vnica esset Domus: Paule was so careful for the

Saluation of al menne, as if the Whole Worlde had benne but one House. Againe, Paulum
tangebat solicitudo Omnium, Ecclesiarum: non Vnius, aut Duarum, aut
Trium, sed Omnium, quæ erant per Orbem Terrarum: Paule was moued with the
care of Al Churches: not of One, or Two, or Three, but of Al the Churches throughout the
Worlde. Likewise he saithe of S. Iohn, Columna erat Omnium, quæ in Orbe sunt,
Ecclesiarum: He was the Piller of Al the Churches in the Worlde. Likewise againe of
S. Matthewe, Matthæus Vniuersi Orbis curam gerebat: The Whole Worlde was vnder
Matthewes Charge.
Therefore, if M. Harding wil geather out of these three woordes of S. Gregorie
(Totius Ecclesiæ Cura) that Peter had Uniuersal Iurisdiction ouer al, it
muste needes folowe by the same woordes, that Paule, Iohn, and Mathewe had the
same Iurisdiction ouer al. What other thinge he hopeth to gaine by these woordes
of S. Gregorie, I cannot tel: Onlesse happily he wil founde his reason thus: S. Gregorie
saithe, Petrus Vniuersalis Apostolus non vocatur: Peter is not called the Vniuersal
Apostle: Ergo, The Pope is the Vniuersal Bishop.
So handsomely these thinges are geathered togeather, to serue the Pourpose.
Pope Leo (ye saie) of Humilitie refused this Name openly in the Councel of Chalcedon.
In deede Pope Gregorie so reporteth it. Not withstandinge it appeareth not by any
thinge donne in that Councel, that this Title was euer offered him. And to
refuse a thinge before it be offered, it is no greate pointe of Humilitie.
To be short, the beste wee can geather hereof, is this: Iohn the Bishop of Constantinople
ambitiously craued this name: Pope Leo godly refused it beinge offered
vnto him: The Popes afterward gladly receiued it without offeringe. If it
were a good name, why was it refused? If it were an il name, why was it receiued?
Now let vs see, what they of M. Hardinges side haue meante by this woorde,
Vniuersal, and with what Humilitie the Popes haue receiued the same. Thus
therefore they write: Papa Totius Orbis obtinet Principatum: The Pope hathe the
Princehood of Al the Worlde: And when the Pope is Consecrate, the Chiefe Minister
saithe vnto him, Ego inuestio te de Papatu, vt Præsis Vrbi, & Orbi: I doo inueste
thee with the Popedome, that thou maiste rule both the Cittie, and the Worlde.
And whereas M. Harding demaundeth, how many Popes haue claimed this
name, it maie please him, to remember, that in the late Councel of Constance it
was not onely claimed, but also published, as an Article of the Faithe. The
woordes are these, De necessitate Salutis est credere, Papam esse Oecumenicum: It
is of the necessitie of Saluation to beleue, that the Pope is the Vniueral Bishop.
Of this Uniuersalitie of Power Franciscus Zabarella writeth thus: Papa
iam occupauit Omnia iura inferiorum Ecclesiarum, ita, vt inferiores Prelati sint pro
nihilo; The Pope hath nowe gotten the right of Al Inferiour Churches, so that the Inferiour
Prelates stande nowe for nothinge.
For these causes Gregorie calleth the name of Uniuersal Bishop, a Prophane,
a Presumptuous, a Wicked, and an Antichristian name: Comparing the Usurper
thereof with Lucifer, and Antichriste.

The Apologie, Cap. 5. Diuision .1.

Further wee saie, that the Minister ought laufully, duely, and orderly
to be preferred to that office of the Churche of God, and that noman,
hathe Power to wreaste him selfe into the Holy Ministerie at
his owne pleasure. Wherefore these personnes doo vs the greater
wronge, which haue nothinge so common in theire mouthes, as that
wee doo nothinge Orderly, & comely, but al thinges troublesomely,
and without Order: and that wee allowe euery man to be a Prieste,
to be a Teacher, and to be an Interpreter of the Scriptures.

M. Hardinge.

Ye saie, that the Minister ought laufully to be called (for so hath your Latine) and duely and orderly

to be preferred to that office of the Churche of God. Why doo ye not so? Why is not this
obserued amonge you Gospellers? What so euer ye meane by your Minister, and by that office,
this are wee assured of, that in this your newe Churche, Bishoppes, Priestes, Deacons, Subdeacons,
or any other Inferiour Orders ye haue none.
For whereas after the Doctrine of your Newe Gospel, like the Forerenners of Antichriste, ye
haue abandoned thexternal Sacrifice, and Priesthood of the Newe Testamente, and haue not in
your Secte consecrated Bishops, and therefore beinge without Priestes made with lawful laieinge
on of handes, as Scripture requireth, al Holy Orders beinge geuen by Bishoppes onely: how can ye
saie, that any amonge you can lawfully Minister, or that ye haue any lawful Ministers at al?
This then beinge so, let me haue leaue to oppose one of these Defenders consciences. And that
for the better vnderstandinge I maie directe my woordes to a certaine person, let him be the Authour
of this Apologie, or bicause his name to me is vnknowen, let him be M. Iewel. For with
him gladly would I reason in this pointe, the rather for acquaintance, and for that he beareth the
name of a Bishop in that Churche, where my selfe had a roume. Howe saie you, Sir Minister Bishop,
ought the Minister to be lawfully called? ought he dewly and orderly to be preferred to that
office, or (as the Latine here hathe) promoted, or put in Auctoritie ouer the Churche? in the Apologie
this Defender saithe, yea.
How many Bishops can you recken, whome in the Churche of Salisburie you haue succeeded
as wel in Doctrine, as in outwarde sittinge in that Chaire? Howe many can you tel vs of, that beinge
your Predecessours in order before you, were of your Opinion, and taught the faithful people
of that Dioces the Doctrine, that you teache? Did Bishoppe Capon teache your Doctrine? did
Shaxton? did Campegius? did Bishop Audley? Briefly, did euer any Bishop of that See before you
teache your Doctrine? It is moste certaine they did not.
If you cannot shewe your Bishoply Petigree, if you can proue no Succession, then whereby
holde you? Wil you shewe vs the Letters Patentes of the Prince? Wel may thei stande you in some
steede before men: before God, who shal cal you to accoumpt for presuminge to take the Highest
office in his Churche not duely called thereto, they shal serue you to no purpose.
You knowe what Tertullian saithe of sutche as ye be: Edant Origines Ecclesiarum
suarum, &c. Wee saie likewise to you M. Iewel, and that we saie to you, wee saie to eche one of
your Companions: Tel vs the Original and firste springe of your Churche. Shewe vs the Register
of your Bishoppes continually succeedinge one an other from the beginninge, so as that firste
Bishop haue some one of the Apostles, or of the Apostolike men for his Authour, and Predecessoure.
For by this waie the Apostolike Churches shewe what reputation they be of. As the
Churche of Smyrna telleth vs of Polycarpe by Iohn the Apostle placed there. The Churche of
the Romaines telleth vs of Clemente ordeined by Peter. S. Augustine hauinge reckened vp in order
the Bishoppes of Rome to Anastasius Successour to Siricius, who was the Eighte and thirteth
after Peter, saithe that in al that Number and rolle of Bishoppes there is not founde One,
that was a Donatiste: and thereof he concludeth, Ergo, the Donatistes be not Catholikes.
So after that wee haue reckened al the Bishoppes of Salisburie from Bishoppe Capon vpwarde,
wee shal come at lengthe in respecte of Doctrine and Orders to S. Augustine the Apostle of the
Englishe, who was made Bishoppe by Gregorie, and from Gregorie vpwarde to S. Peter. And
in al that rewe of Bishoppes wee shal finde neuer a one that beleeued, as M. Iewel beleeueth.
Ergo, your Zwinglian and Caluinian Beleefe, M. Iewel, and of the reste of your felowes is not
Catholike.

M. Hardinge.

Ye saie, that the Minister ought laufully to be called (for so hath your Latine) and duely and orderly

to be preferred to that office of the Churche of God. Why doo ye not so? Why is not this
obserued amonge you Gospellers? What so euer ye meane by your Minister, and by that office,
this are wee assured of, that in this your newe Churche, Bishoppes, Priestes, Deacons, Subdeacons,
or any other Inferiour Orders ye haue none.
For whereas after the Doctrine of your Newe Gospel, like the Forerenners of Antichriste, ye
haue abandoned thexternal Sacrifice, and Priesthood of the Newe Testamente, and haue not in
your Secte consecrated Bishops, and therefore beinge without Priestes made with lawful laieinge
on of handes, as Scripture requireth, al Holy Orders beinge geuen by Bishoppes onely: how can ye
saie, that any amonge you can lawfully Minister, or that ye haue any lawful Ministers at al?
This then beinge so, let me haue leaue to oppose one of these Defenders consciences. And that
for the better vnderstandinge I maie directe my woordes to a certaine person, let him be the Authour
of this Apologie, or bicause his name to me is vnknowen, let him be M. Iewel. For with
him gladly would I reason in this pointe, the rather for acquaintance, and for that he beareth the
name of a Bishop in that Churche, where my selfe had a roume. Howe saie you, Sir Minister Bishop,
ought the Minister to be lawfully called? ought he dewly and orderly to be preferred to that
office, or (as the Latine here hathe) promoted, or put in Auctoritie ouer the Churche? in the Apologie
this Defender saithe, yea.
How many Bishops can you recken, whome in the Churche of Salisburie you haue succeeded
as wel in Doctrine, as in outwarde sittinge in that Chaire? Howe many can you tel vs of, that beinge
your Predecessours in order before you, were of your Opinion, and taught the faithful people
of that Dioces the Doctrine, that you teache? Did Bishoppe Capon teache your Doctrine? did
Shaxton? did Campegius? did Bishop Audley? Briefly, did euer any Bishop of that See before you
teache your Doctrine? It is moste certaine they did not.
If you cannot shewe your Bishoply Petigree, if you can proue no Succession, then whereby
holde you? Wil you shewe vs the Letters Patentes of the Prince? Wel may thei stande you in some
steede before men: before God, who shal cal you to accoumpt for presuminge to take the Highest
office in his Churche not duely called thereto, they shal serue you to no purpose.
You knowe what Tertullian saithe of sutche as ye be: Edant Origines Ecclesiarum
suarum, &c. Wee saie likewise to you M. Iewel, and that we saie to you, wee saie to eche one of
your Companions: Tel vs the Original and firste springe of your Churche. Shewe vs the Register
of your Bishoppes continually succeedinge one an other from the beginninge, so as that firste
Bishop haue some one of the Apostles, or of the Apostolike men for his Authour, and Predecessoure.
For by this waie the Apostolike Churches shewe what reputation they be of. As the
Churche of Smyrna telleth vs of Polycarpe by Iohn the Apostle placed there. The Churche of
the Romaines telleth vs of Clemente ordeined by Peter. S. Augustine hauinge reckened vp in order
the Bishoppes of Rome to Anastasius Successour to Siricius, who was the Eighte and thirteth
after Peter, saithe that in al that Number and rolle of Bishoppes there is not founde One,
that was a Donatiste: and thereof he concludeth, Ergo, the Donatistes be not Catholikes.
So after that wee haue reckened al the Bishoppes of Salisburie from Bishoppe Capon vpwarde,
wee shal come at lengthe in respecte of Doctrine and Orders to S. Augustine the Apostle of the
Englishe, who was made Bishoppe by Gregorie, and from Gregorie vpwarde to S. Peter. And
in al that rewe of Bishoppes wee shal finde neuer a one that beleeued, as M. Iewel beleeueth.
Ergo, your Zwinglian and Caluinian Beleefe, M. Iewel, and of the reste of your felowes is not
Catholike.